Part 9. Housing and Small Buildings

Concrete in Contact With Sulfate Soil

9.3.1.2.

Cement

9.3.1.3.

9.3.1.4.

Aggregates

9.3.1.5.

Water

9.3.1.6.

Compressive Strength

9.3.1.7.

Concrete Mixes

9.3.1.8.

Admixtures

9.3.1.9.

Cold Weather Requirements

9.3.2.

Lumber and Wood Products

9.3.2.1.

Grade Marking

9.3.2.2.

Lumber Grades

9.3.2.3.

Machine Stress Rated Lumber

9.3.2.4.

OSB, Waferboard and Plywood Marking

9.3.2.5.

Moisture Content

9.3.2.6.

Lumber Dimensions

9.3.2.7.

Panel Thickness Tolerances

9.3.2.8.

Undersized Lumber

9.3.2.9.

Termite and Decay Protection

9.3.3.

Metal

9.3.3.1.

Sheet Metal Thickness

9.3.3.2.

Galvanized Sheet Steel

9.4.

Structural Requirements

9.4.1.

Structural Design Requirements and Application Limitations

9.4.1.1.

9.4.2.

Specified Loads

9.4.2.1.

Platforms Subject to Snow and Occupancy Loads

9.4.2.2.

Specified Snow Loads

9.4.2.3.

9.4.2.4.

Attics and Roof Spaces

9.4.3.

Deflections

9.4.3.1.

Deflections

9.4.4.

Foundation Conditions

9.4.4.1.

Allowable Bearing Pressures

9.4.4.2.

Foundation Capacity in Weaker Soil and Rock

9.4.4.3.

High Water Table

9.4.4.4.

Soil Movement

9.4.4.5.

Walls Supporting Drained Earth

9.4.4.6.

9.5.

Design of Areas, Spaces and Doorways

9.5.1.

General

9.5.1.0A.

Lesser Areas and Dimensions

9.5.1.1.

Method of Measurement

9.5.1.1A.

Floor Areas

9.5.1.2.

Combination Rooms

9.5.1.3.

9.5.2.

Barrier-Free Design

9.5.2.1.

Protection on Floor Areas With a Barrier-Free Path of Travel

9.5.2.2.

9.5.2.3.

Ceiling Heights of Rooms or Spaces

9.5.2.4.

Stud Wall Reinforcement

9.5.3.

Ceiling Heights

9.5.3.1.

9.5.3.2.

Mezzanines

9.5.3.3.

Storage Garages

9.5.3A.

Living Rooms or Spaces Within Dwelling Units

9.5.3A.1.

Areas of Living Rooms and Spaces

9.5.3B.

Dining Rooms or Spaces Within Dwelling Units

9.5.3B.1.

Area of Dining Rooms or Spaces

9.5.3C.

Kitchens Within Dwelling Units

9.5.3C.1.

Kitchen Areas

9.5.3D.

Bedrooms or Spaces in Dwelling Units and Dormitories

9.5.3D.1.

Areas of Bedrooms

9.5.3D.2.

Areas of Master Bedrooms

9.5.3D.3.

Areas of Combination Bedrooms

9.5.3D.4.

Areas of Other Sleeping Rooms

9.5.3D.5.

Recreational Camps

9.5.3D.6.

Camps for Housing Workers

9.5.3E.

Combined Spaces

9.5.3E.1.

Combined Living, Dining, Bedroom and Kitchen Spaces

9.5.3F.

Bathrooms and Water Closet Rooms

9.5.3F.1.

Space to Accommodate Fixtures

9.5.3F.2.

Doors to Rooms Containing Water Closets

9.5.4.

Hallways

9.5.4.1.

Hallway Width

9.5.5.

Doorway Sizes

9.5.5.1.

Doorway Opening Sizes

9.5.5.2.

Doors to Public Water-Closet Rooms

9.5.5.3.

Doors to Bathrooms

9.6.

Glass

9.6.1.

General

9.6.1.1.

Material Standards for Glass

9.6.1.2.

9.6.1.3.

Structural Sufficiency of Glass

9.6.1.4.

Types of Glass and Protection of Glass

9.7.

Windows, Doors and Skylights

9.7.1.

General

9.7.1.1.

Other Requirements for Windows, Doors and Skylights

9.7.2.

Required Windows, Doors and Skylights

9.7.2.1.

Entrance Doors

9.7.2.2.

9.7.2.3.

Minimum Window Areas

9.7.3.

Performance of Windows, Doors and Skylights

9.7.3.1.

General Performance Criteria

9.7.3.2.

Heat Transfer Performance

9.7.3.3.

Thermal Characteristics of Windows, Doors and Skylights

9.7.4.

Manufactured Windows, Doors and Skylights

9.7.4.1.

9.7.4.2.

Application and Compliance

9.7.4.3.

Performance Requirements

9.7.5.

Site-Built Windows, Doors and Skylights

9.7.5.1.

9.7.5.2.

Resistance to Forced Entry for Doors

9.7.5.3.

Resistance to Forced Entry for Windows

9.7.6.

Installation

9.7.6.1.

Installation of Windows, Doors and Skylights

9.7.6.2.

Sealants, Trim and Flashing

9.8.

Stairs, Ramps, Handrails and Guards

9.8.1.

Application

9.8.1.1.

Stairs, Ramps, Landings, Handrails and Guards in Garages

9.8.1.2.

9.8.1.3.

Exit Stairs, Ramps and Landings

9.8.1.4.

Escalators and Moving Walks

9.8.2.

Stair Dimensions

9.8.2.1.

Stair Width

9.8.2.2.

Height Over Stairs

9.8.3.

Stair Configurations

9.8.3.1.

Straight and Curved Runs in Stairs

9.8.3.2.

Minimum Number of Risers

9.8.3.3.

Maximum Height of Stairs

9.8.4.

Step Dimensions

(See Note A-9.8.4.)

9.8.4.1.

Dimensions for Risers

9.8.4.2.

Dimensions for Rectangular Treads

9.8.4.3.

Dimensions of Tapered Treads

9.8.4.4.

Uniformity and Tolerances for Risers, Runs and Treads

9.8.4.5.

Uniformity of Runs in Flights with Mixed Treads within Dwelling Units

9.8.4.6.

Winders

9.8.4.7.

Spiral Stairs

9.8.4.8.

Tread Nosings

9.8.4.9.

Open Risers

9.8.4.10.

Interior Stairs Extending Through the Roof

9.8.5.

Ramps

9.8.5.1.

9.8.5.2.

Ramp Width

9.8.5.3.

Height Over Ramps

9.8.5.4.

Ramp Slope

9.8.5.5.

Maximum Rise

9.8.6.

Landings

9.8.6.1.

Projections into Stairs and Ramps

9.8.6.2.

Required Landings

9.8.6.3.

Dimensions of Landings

9.8.6.4.

Height Over Landings

9.8.7.

Handrails

9.8.7.1.

Required Handrails

9.8.7.2.

Continuity of Handrails

9.8.7.3.

Termination of Handrails

9.8.7.4.

Height of Handrails

9.8.7.5.

Ergonomic Design

9.8.7.6.

9.8.7.7.

Design and Attachment of Handrails

9.8.8.

Guards

9.8.8.1.

Required Guards

9.8.8.2.

Loads on Guards

9.8.8.3.

Height of Guards

9.8.8.4.

Guards for Floors and Ramps in Garages

9.8.8.5.

Openings in Guards

9.8.8.6.

Guards Designed Not to Facilitate Climbing

9.8.8.7.

Glass in Guards

9.8.9.

Construction

9.8.9.1.

Loads on Stairs and Ramps

9.8.9.2.

Exterior Concrete Stairs

9.8.9.3.

Exterior Wood Steps

9.8.9.4.

Wooden Stair Stringers

9.8.9.5.

Treads

9.8.9.6.

Finish for Treads, Landings and Ramps

9.8.10.

Cantilevered Precast Concrete Steps

9.8.10.1.

Design

9.8.10.2.

Anchorage

9.8.10.3.

Prevention of Damage Due to Frost

9.9.

Means of Egress

9.9.1.

General

9.9.1.1.

Elevators, Slide Escapes and Windows as Means of Egress

9.9.1.2.

Fire Protection

9.9.1.3.

Occupant Load

9.9.2.

Types and Purpose of Exits

9.9.2.1.

Types of Exits

9.9.2.2.

Purpose of Exits

9.9.2.3.

9.9.2.4.

Principal Entrances

9.9.2.5.

Front Edge of Stair Treads

9.9.2.6.

Exterior Exit Stairs That Serve a Hotel

9.9.3.

Dimensions of Means of Egress

9.9.3.1.

9.9.3.2.

Exit Width

9.9.3.3.

Width of Corridors

9.9.3.4.

Clear Height

9.9.4.

Fire Protection of Exits

9.9.4.1.

Fire Separation for Exits

9.9.4.2.

9.9.4.3.

Wired Glass or Glass Block

9.9.4.4.

super>

9.9.4.5.

Openings in Exterior Walls of Exits

9.9.4.6.

Openings Near Exit Doors

9.9.4.7.

Stairways in Group D or E Buildings

9.9.5.

Obstructions and Hazards in Means of Egress

9.9.5.1.

Obstructions in Public Corridors

9.9.5.2.

Occupancies in Corridors

9.9.5.3.

9.9.5.4.

Obstructions in Exits

9.9.5.5.

Obstructions in Means of Egress

9.9.5.6.

Mirrors or Draperies

9.9.5.7.

Fuel-Fired Appliances

9.9.5.8.

Service Rooms

9.9.5.9.

Ancillary Rooms

9.9.6.

Doors in a Means of Egress

9.9.6.1.

Obstructions by Doors

9.9.6.2.

Clear Opening Height at Doorways

9.9.6.3.

Clear Opening Width at Doorways

9.9.6.4.

Door Action

9.9.6.5.

Direction of Door Swing

9.9.6.6.

Nearness of Doors to Stairs

9.9.6.7.

Door Latching, Locking and Opening Mechanisms

9.9.6.8.

Effort Required to Open

9.9.7.

Access to Exits

9.9.7.1.

Egress from Roof Area, Podiums, Terraces, Platforms and Contained Open Spaces

9.9.7.2.

Means of Egress from Suites

9.9.7.3.

Dead-End Corridors

9.9.7.4.

Number and Spacing of Egress Doors

9.9.7.5.

Independent Access to Exit

9.9.7.6.

Travel Distance Within Rooms and Suites

9.9.8.

Exits from Floor Areas

9.9.8.1.

Measurement of Travel Distance

9.9.8.2.

Number of Required Exits

9.9.8.3.

Contribution of Each Exit

9.9.8.4.

Location of Exits

9.9.8.5.

Exiting Through a Lobby

9.9.8.6.

Mezzanine Means of Egress

9.9.9.

Egress from Dwelling Units

9.9.9.1.

Travel Limit to Exits or Egress Doors

9.9.9.2.

Two Separate Exits

9.9.9.3.

Shared Egress Facilities

9.9.10.

Egress from Bedrooms

9.9.10.1.

Egress Windows or Doors for Bedrooms

9.9.11.

Signs

9.9.11.1.

Signs for Stairs and Ramps at Exit Level

9.9.11.2.

Visibility of Exits

9.9.11.3.

Exit Signs

9.9.11.4.

9.9.11.5.

Floor Numbering

9.9.12.

Lighting

9.9.12.1.

Required Lighting in Egress Facilities

9.9.12.2.

9.9.12.3.

Emergency Lighting

9.10.

Fire Protection

9.10.1.

Definitions and Application

9.10.1.1.

Sloped Roofs

9.10.1.2.

Testing of Integrated Fire Protection and Life Safety Systems

9.10.1.3.

Items Under Part 3 Jurisdiction

9.10.1.4.

Items Under Part 6 Jurisdiction

9.10.2.

Occupancy Classification

9.10.2.1.

Occupancy Classification

9.10.2.2.

Major Occupancies Above Other Major Occupancies

9.10.2.3.

9.10.2.4.

Buildings Containing More Than One Major Occupancy

9.10.3.

Ratings

9.10.3.1.

Fire-Resistance and Fire-Protection Ratings

9.10.3.2.

Flame-Spread Rating

9.10.3.3.

Fire Exposure

9.10.3.4.

Suspended Membrane Ceiling

9.10.4.

Building Size Determination

9.10.4.1.

Mezzanines Not Considered as Storeys

9.10.4.2.

More Than One Level of Mezzanine

9.10.4.3.

Basement Storage Garages

9.10.4.4.

Rooftop Enclosures

9.10.5.

Permitted Openings in Wall and Ceiling Assemblies

9.10.5.1.

Permitted Openings in Wall and Ceiling Membranes

9.10.6.

Construction Types

9.10.6.1.

Combustible Elements in Noncombustible Construction

9.10.6.2.

Heavy Timber Construction

9.10.7.

Steel Members

9.10.7.1.

Protection of Steel Members

9.10.8.

Fire-Resistance and Combustibility in Relation to Occupancy, Height and Supported Elements

9.10.8.1.

Fire-Resistance Ratings for Floors and Roofs

9.10.8.2.

Fire-Resistance Ratings in Sprinklered Buildings

9.10.8.3.

Fire-Resistance Ratings for Walls, Columns and Arches

9.10.8.4.

Support of Noncombustible Construction

9.10.8.5.

Service Rooms

9.10.8.6.

Mezzanines

9.10.8.7.

Roofs Supporting an Occupancy

9.10.8.8.

Floors of Exterior Passageways

9.10.8.9.

Crawl Spaces

9.10.8.10.

Non-Application to Houses

9.10.8.11.

Part 3 as an Alternative

9.10.9.

Fire Separations and Smoke-tight Barriers between Rooms and Spaces within Buildings

9.10.9.1.

Openings to be Protected With Closures

9.10.9.2.

Continuous Barrier

9.10.9.3.

9.10.9.4.

Floor Assemblies

9.10.9.5.

Interconnected Floor Spaces

9.10.9.6.

General Requirements for Penetrations of Fire Separations

9.10.9.7.

Piping Penetrations

9.10.9.8.

Penetrations by Outlet Boxes or Service Equipment in Concealed Spaces

9.10.9.9.

Penetrations by Raceways, Sprinklers and Fire Dampers

9.10.9.10.

Collapse of Combustible Construction

9.10.9.11.

Reduction in Thickness of Fire Separation by Beams and Joists

9.10.9.12.

Concealed Spaces Above Fire Separations

9.10.9.13.

Separation of Residential Occupancies

9.10.9.14.

Residential Suites in Industrial Buildings

9.10.9.15.

Separation of Suites

9.10.9.16.

Separation of Residential Suites

9.10.9.17.

Separation of Public Corridors

9.10.9.18.

Separation of Storage Garages

9.10.9.19.

Separation of Repair Garages

9.10.9.20.

Exhaust Ducts Serving More Than One Fire Compartment

9.10.9.21.

Central Vacuum Systems

9.10.10.

Service Rooms

9.10.10.1.

Separation of Service Rooms

9.10.10.2.

Service Room Floors

9.10.10.3.

9.10.10.4.

Locations of Fuel-Fired Appliances

9.10.10.5.

Incinerators

9.10.10.6.

Storage Rooms

9.10.10.7.

Emergency Power Installation

9.10.11.

Firewalls

9.10.11.1.

Required Firewalls

9.10.11.2.

Firewalls Not Required

9.10.11.3.

Construction of Firewalls

9.10.11.4.

Firewalls in Detached Garages

9.10.12.

Prevention of Fire Spread at Exterior Walls and Between Storeys

9.10.12.1.

Termination of Floors or Mezzanines

9.10.12.2.

Location of Skylights

9.10.12.3.

Exterior Walls Meeting at an Angle

9.10.12.4.

Protection of Soffits

9.10.13.

Doors, Dampers and Other Closures in Fire Separations

9.10.13.1.

Closures

9.10.13.2.

Solid Core Wood Door as a Closure

9.10.13.3.

Unrated Wood Door Frames

9.10.13.4.

Doors as a Means of Egress

9.10.13.5.

Wired Glass as a Closure

9.10.13.6.

Steel Door Frames

9.10.13.7.

Glass Block as a Closure

9.10.13.8.

Maximum Size of Opening

9.10.13.9.

Door Latch

9.10.13.10.

Self-Closing Device

9.10.13.11.

Hold-Open Devices

9.10.13.12.

Service Room Doors

9.10.13.13.

Fire Dampers

9.10.13.14.

Fire Stop Flaps

9.10.13.15.

Doors Between Garages and Dwelling Units

9.10.13.16.

Door Stops

9.10.14.

Spatial Separation Between Buildings

9.10.14.1.

Area and Location of Exposing Building Face

9.10.14.2.

9.10.14.3.

Inadequate Firefighting Facilities

9.10.14.3A.

9.10.14.4.

Openings in Exposing Building Face

9.10.14.5.

Construction of Exposing Building Face and Walls Above Exposing Building Face

9.10.14.6.

Minor Openings in Exposing Building Face

9.10.15.

Spatial Separation Between Houses

9.10.15.1.

Area and Location of Exposing Building Face

9.10.15.2.

9.10.15.3.

Inadequate Firefighting Facilities

9.10.15.3A.

9.10.15.4.

Glazed Openings in Exposing Building Face

9.10.15.5.

Construction of Exposing Building Face of Houses

9.10.16.

Fire Blocks

9.10.16.1.

Required Fire Blocks in Concealed Spaces

9.10.16.2.

Required Fire Blocks in Wall Assemblies

9.10.16.3.

Fire Block Materials

9.10.16.4.

Penetration of Fire Blocks

9.10.17.

Flame Spread Limits

9.10.17.1.

Flame-Spread Rating of Interior Surfaces

9.10.17.2.

Ceilings in Exits or Public Corridors

9.10.17.3.

Walls in Exits

9.10.17.4.

Exterior Exit Passageways

9.10.17.5.

Walls in Public Corridors

9.10.17.6.

Calculation of Wall and Ceiling Areas

9.10.17.7.

Corridors Containing an Occupancy

9.10.17.8.

Light Diffusers and Lenses

9.10.17.9.

Combustible Skylights

9.10.17.10.

Protection of Foamed Plastics

9.10.17.11.

Walls and Ceilings in Bathrooms

9.10.17.12.

Coverings or Linings of Ducts

9.10.18.

Alarm and Detection Systems

9.10.18.1.

Access Provided Through a Firewall

9.10.18.2.

Fire Alarm System Required

9.10.18.3.

Design and Installation Requirements

9.10.18.4.

Rooms and Spaces Requiring Heat Detectors or Smoke Detectors

9.10.18.5.

Smoke Detectors in Recirculating Air Handling Systems

9.10.18.6.

Portions of Buildings Considered as Separate Buildings

9.10.18.7.

Central Vacuum Systems

9.10.18.8.

Open-Air Storage Garages

9.10.18.9.

Fire Alarm System in a Hotel

9.10.18.10.

Commissioning of Life Safety and Fire Protection Systems

9.10.19.

Smoke Alarms

9.10.19.1.

Required Smoke Alarms

9.10.19.2.

Sound Patterns of Smoke Alarms

9.10.19.3.

Location of Smoke Alarms

9.10.19.4.

Power Supply

9.10.19.5.

Interconnection of Smoke Alarms

9.10.19.6.

Silencing of Smoke Alarms

9.10.19.7.

Instructions for Maintenance and Care

9.10.19.8.

Residential Fire Warning Systems

9.10.20.

Firefighting

9.10.20.1.

Windows or Access Panels Required

9.10.20.2.

Access to Basements

9.10.20.3.

Fire Department Access to Buildings

9.10.20.4.

Portable Extinguishers

9.10.20.5.

Freeze Protection for Fire Protection Systems

9.10.21.

Fire Protection for Construction Camps

9.10.21.1.

Requirements for Construction Camps

9.10.21.2.

Separation of Sleeping Rooms

9.10.21.3.

Floor Assemblies Between the First and Second Storey

9.10.21.4.

Walkways Connecting Buildings

9.10.21.5.

Spatial Separations

9.10.21.6.

Flame-Spread Ratings

9.10.21.7.

Smoke Detectors

9.10.21.8.

Portable Fire Extinguishers

9.10.21.9.

Hose Stations

9.10.22.

Fire Protection for Gas, Propane and Electric Cooktops and Ovens

(See Note A-9.10.22.)

9.10.22.1.

Installation of Cooktops and Ovens

9.10.22.2.

Vertical Clearances Above Cooktops

9.10.22.3.

Protection Around Cooktops

9.11.

Sound Transmission

(See Note A-9.11.)

9.11.1.

Protection from Airborne Noise

9.11.1.1.

Required Protection

9.11.1.2.

Determination of Sound Transmission Ratings

9.11.1.3.

Compliance with Required Ratings

9.11.1.4.

Adjoining Constructions

9.12.

Excavation

9.12.1.

General

9.12.1.1.

Removal of Topsoil and Organic Matter

9.12.1.2.

Standing Water

9.12.1.3.

Protection from Freezing

9.12.1.4.

Precautions During Excavation

9.12.2.

Depth

9.12.2.1.

Excavation to Undisturbed Soil

9.12.2.2.

Minimum Depth of Foundations

9.12.3.

Backfill

9.12.3.1.

Placement of Backfill

9.12.3.2.

Grading of Backfill

9.12.3.3.

Deleterious Debris and Boulders

9.12.3.4.

Lateral Support of Foundation Wall

9.12.4.

Trenches Beneath Footings

9.12.4.1.

Support of Footings

9.13.

Dampproofing, Waterproofing and Soil Gas Control

9.13.1.

General

9.13.1.1.

Scope and Application

9.13.2.

Dampproofing

9.13.2.1.

Required Dampproofing

9.13.2.2.

Dampproofing Materials

9.13.2.3.

Preparation of Surface

9.13.2.4.

Application of Dampproofing Material

9.13.2.5.

Moisture Protection for Interior Finishes

9.13.2.6.

Dampproofing of Floors-on-Ground

9.13.2.7.

Dampproofing of Preserved Wood Foundation Walls

9.13.3.

Waterproofing

9.13.3.1.

Required Waterproofing

9.13.3.2.

Waterproofing Materials

9.13.3.3.

Preparation of Surface

9.13.3.4.

Application of Waterproofing Membranes

9.13.3.5.

Floor Waterproofing System

9.13.4.

Soil Gas Control

(See Note A-9.13.4.)

9.13.4.1.

Application and Scope

9.13.4.2.

Protection from Soil Gas Ingress

9.13.4.3.

Providing for the Rough-in for a Subfloor Depressurization System

9.14.

Drainage

9.14.1.

Scope

9.14.1.1.

9.14.1.2.

Crawl Spaces

9.14.1.3.

Floors-on-Ground

9.14.2.

Foundation Drainage

9.14.2.1.

Foundation Wall Drainage

9.14.3.

Drainage Tile and Pipe

9.14.3.1.

9.14.3.2.

Minimum Size

9.14.3.3.

Type of Granular Material

9.14.4.

Granular Drainage Layer

9.14.4.1.

9.14.4.2.

Drainage away from Wells or Septic Disposal Beds

9.14.4.3.

Grading

9.14.4.4.

Wet Site Conditions

9.14.5.

Drainage Disposal

9.14.5.1.

Drainage Disposal

9.14.5.2.

Sump Pits

9.14.5.3.

Dry Wells

9.14.6.

Surface Drainage

9.14.6.1.

Surface Drainage

9.14.6.2.

9.14.6.3.

Window Wells

9.14.6.4.

Catch Basin

9.14.6.5.

Downspouts

9.15.

Footings and Foundations

9.15.1.

Application

9.15.1.1.

Foundations for Deformation Resistant Buildings

9.15.1.2.

Permafrost

9.15.1.3.

9.15.2.

General

9.15.2.1.

Concrete

9.15.2.2.

Unit Masonry Construction

9.15.2.3.

Pier Type Foundations

9.15.2.4.

Wood-Frame Foundations

9.15.3.

Footings

9.15.3.1.

Footings Required

9.15.3.2.

Support of Footings

9.15.3.3.

Application of Footing Width and Area Requirements

9.15.3.4.

Basic Footing Widths and Areas

9.15.3.5.

Adjustments to Footing Widths for Exterior Walls

9.15.3.6.

Adjustments to Footing Widths for Interior Walls

9.15.3.7.

Adjustments to Footing Area for Columns

9.15.3.8.

Footing Thickness

9.15.3.9.

Step Footings

9.15.4.

Foundation Walls

9.15.4.1.

Flat Wall Insulating Concrete Form Units

9.15.4.2.

Foundation Wall Thickness and Required Lateral Support

9.15.4.3.

Foundation Walls Considered to be Laterally Supported at the Top

9.15.4.4.

Foundation Walls Considered to be Laterally Supported at the Bottom

9.15.4.5.

Reinforcement for Flat Insulating Concrete Form Foundation Walls

9.15.4.6.

Extension Above Ground Level

9.15.4.7.

Reduction in Thickness

9.15.4.8.

Corbelling

9.15.4.9.

Crack Control Joints

9.15.4.10.

Interior Masonry Walls

9.15.5.

Support of Joists and Beams on Masonry Foundation Walls

9.15.5.1.

Support of Floor Joists

9.15.5.2.

Support of Beams

9.15.5.3.

Pilasters

9.15.6.

Parging and Finishing of Masonry Foundation Walls

9.15.6.1.

Foundation Walls Below Ground

9.15.6.2.

Foundation Walls Above Ground

9.15.6.3.

Form Ties

9.16.

Floors-on-Ground

9.16.1.

Scope

9.16.1.1.

Required Floors-on-Ground

9.16.1.2.

Structural Floor Slabs

9.16.1.3.

9.16.1.4.

Dampproofing and Waterproofing

9.16.2.

Material Beneath Floors

9.16.2.1.

Required Installation of Granular Fill

9.16.2.2.

Support of Floors

9.16.3.

Drainage

9.16.3.1.

Control of Water Ingress

9.16.3.2.

Hydrostatic Pressure

9.16.3.3.

Floor Drains

9.16.4.

Concrete

9.16.4.1.

Surface Finish

9.16.4.2.

Topping Course

9.16.4.3.

9.16.4.4.

Bond Break

9.16.5.

Wood

9.16.5.1.

Wood-Frame Floors

9.17.

Columns

9.17.1.

Scope

9.17.1.1.

Design of Adjustable Steel Columns

9.17.2.

General

9.17.2.1.

Location

9.17.2.2.

Lateral Support

9.17.3.

Steel Columns

9.17.3.1.

Size and Thickness

9.17.3.2.

End Bearing Plates

9.17.3.3.

Paint

9.17.3.4.

9.17.4.

Wood Columns

9.17.4.1.

Column Sizes

9.17.4.2.

Columns in Contact With Concrete

9.17.4.3.

9.17.4.4.

Wood Column Termite Protection

9.17.5.

Unit Masonry Columns

9.17.5.1.

9.17.5.2.

Sizes

9.17.6.

Solid Concrete Columns

9.17.6.1.

9.17.6.2.

Sizes

9.18.

Crawl Spaces

9.18.1.

General

9.18.1.1.

Heated and Unheated Crawl Spaces

9.18.1.2.

Foundations

9.18.1.3.

9.18.2.

Access

9.18.2.1.

Access Openings

9.18.3.

Ventilation

9.18.3.1.

Ventilation of Unheated Crawl Spaces

9.18.3.2.

Ventilation of Heated Crawl Spaces

9.18.4.

Clearance

(See also Article 9.3.2.9.)

9.18.4.1.

Access Way to Services

9.18.5.

Drainage

9.18.5.1.

Drainage

9.18.6.

Ground Cover

9.18.6.1.

Ground Cover in Unheated Crawl Spaces

9.18.6.2.

Ground Cover in Heated Crawl Spaces

9.18.7.

Fire Protection

9.18.7.1.

Crawl Spaces as Warm Air Plenums

9.19.

Roof Spaces

9.19.1.

Venting

9.19.1.1.

Required Venting

9.19.1.2.

Vent Requirements

9.19.1.3.

Clearances

9.19.1.4.

Mansard or Gambrel Roof

9.19.2.

Access

9.19.2.1.

Access

9.20.

Masonry and Insulating Concrete Form Walls Not In Contact with the Ground

9.20.1.

Application

9.20.1.1.

Concrete Units Exposed to the Weather

9.20.1.2.

Earthquake Reinforcement

9.20.2.

Masonry Units

9.20.2.1.

Masonry Unit Standards

9.20.2.2.

Used Brick

9.20.2.3.

Glass Blocks

9.20.2.4.

Cellular Concrete

9.20.2.5.

Stone

9.20.2.6.

9.20.2.7.

Compressive Strength

9.20.3.

Mortar

9.20.3.1.

Mortar Materials

9.20.3.2.

Mortar and Grout Mixes

9.20.4.

Mortar Joints

9.20.4.1.

Thickness of Exterior Walls

9.20.4.2.

Masonry Units

9.20.5.

Masonry Support

9.20.5.1.

Masonry Support

9.20.5.2.

Lintels or Arches

9.20.6.

Thickness and Height

9.20.6.1.

9.20.6.2.

Cavity Walls

9.20.6.3.

Thickness of Interior Walls

9.20.6.4.

Masonry Veneer

9.20.6.5.

Parapet Walls

9.20.6.6.

Stone or Concrete Facings

9.20.7.

Chases and Recesses

9.20.7.1.

Maximum Dimensions

9.20.7.2.

Minimum Wall Thickness

9.20.7.3.

Separation of Chases and Recesses

9.20.7.4.

Non-Conforming Chases or Recesses

9.20.7.5.

Chases or Recesses Cut into Walls

9.20.8.

Support of Loads

9.20.8.1.

Capping of Hollow Masonry Walls

9.20.8.2.

Cavity Walls Supporting Framing Members

9.20.8.3.

Bearing of Beams and Joists

9.20.8.4.

Support of Beams and Columns

9.20.8.5.

Projection of Masonry Veneer Beyond Supporting Members

9.20.9.

Bonding and Tying

9.20.9.1.

Joints to be Offset or Reinforced

9.20.9.2.

Bonding or Tying of Other Than Masonry Veneer

9.20.9.3.

Bonding

9.20.9.4.

Tying

9.20.9.5.

Ties for Masonry Veneer

9.20.9.6.

Reinforcing for Glass Block

9.20.10.

Lateral Support

9.20.10.1.

Lateral Support Required

9.20.11.

Anchorage of Roofs, Floors and Intersecting Walls

9.20.11.1.

Anchorage to Floor or Roof Assemblies where Masonry Walls Require Lateral Support

9.20.11.2.

Bonding and Tying Intersecting Masonry Walls where Walls Require Lateral Support

9.20.11.3.

Anchoring Intersecting Wood-Frame Walls to Masonry Walls

9.20.11.4.

Anchoring Wood-Frame Roof Systems to Masonry Walls

9.20.11.5.

Anchoring Masonry Cornices, Sills and Trim to Masonry Walls

9.20.11.6.

Anchoring to Masonry Piers

9.20.12.

Corbelling

9.20.12.1.

Corbelling

9.20.12.2.

Corbelling for Cavity Walls

9.20.12.3.

Corbelling for Masonry Veneer

9.20.13.

Control of Rainwater Penetration

9.20.13.1.

Materials for Flashing

9.20.13.2.

Fastening of Flashing

9.20.13.3.

Location of Flashing

9.20.13.4.

Extension of Flashing

9.20.13.5.

Masonry Walls

9.20.13.6.

Flashing for Weep Holes in Masonry Veneer

9.20.13.7.

Flashing Joints

9.20.13.8.

Required Weep Holes

9.20.13.9.

Protection of Interior Finish

9.20.13.10.

Mortar Droppings

9.20.13.11.

Caulking at Door and Window Frames

9.20.13.12.

Drips Beneath Window Sills

9.20.14.

Protection During Work

9.20.14.1.

Laying Temperature of Mortar and Masonry

9.20.14.2.

Protection from Weather

9.20.15.

Reinforcement for Earthquake Resistance

9.20.15.1.

Amount of Reinforcement

9.20.15.2.

Installation Standard

9.20.16.

Corrosion Resistance

9.20.16.1.

Corrosion Resistance of Connectors

9.20.17.

Above-Ground Flat Insulating Concrete Form Walls

9.20.17.1.

Thickness of Flat Insulating Concrete Form Walls

9.20.17.2.

Reinforcement for Flat Insulating Concrete Form Walls

9.20.17.3.

Openings in Non-Loadbearing Flat Insulating Concrete Form Walls

9.20.17.4.

Openings in Loadbearing Flat Insulating Concrete Form Walls

9.20.17.5.

Framing Supported on Flat Insulating Concrete Form Walls

9.20.17.6.

Anchoring of Roof Framing to Top of Flat Insulating Concrete Form Walls

9.20.17.7.

Protection from Precipitation and Damage

9.21.

Masonry and Concrete Chimneys and Flues

9.21.1.

General

9.21.1.1.

Chimney or Flue Pipe Walls

9.21.1.2.

9.21.1.3.

Factory-Built Chimneys

9.21.1.4.

Flue Pipes

9.21.2.

Chimney Flues

9.21.2.1.

Chimney Flue Limitations

9.21.2.2.

Connections of More Than One Appliance

9.21.2.3.

Inclined Chimney Flues

9.21.2.4.

Size of Chimney Flues

9.21.2.5.

Fireplace Chimneys

9.21.2.6.

Oval Chimney Flues

9.21.3.

Chimney Lining

9.21.3.1.

Lining Materials

9.21.3.2.

Joints in Chimney Liners

9.21.3.3.

Clay Liners

9.21.3.4.

Firebrick Liners

9.21.3.5.

Concrete Liners

9.21.3.6.

Metal Liners

9.21.3.7.

Installation of Chimney Liners

9.21.3.8.

Spaces Between Liners and Surrounding Masonry

9.21.3.9.

Mortar for Chimney Liners

9.21.3.10.

Extension of Chimney Liners

9.21.4.

Masonry and Concrete Chimney Construction

9.21.4.1.

Unit Masonry

9.21.4.2.

Concrete

9.21.4.3.

Footings

9.21.4.4.

Height of Chimney Flues

9.21.4.5.

Lateral Stability

9.21.4.6.

Chimney Caps

9.21.4.7.

Cleanout

9.21.4.8.

Wall Thickness

9.21.4.9.

Separation of Flue Liners

9.21.4.10.

Clearance from Combustible Materials

9.21.5.

Clearance from Combustible Construction

9.21.5.1.

9.21.5.2.

Sealing of Spaces

9.21.5.3.

Support of Joists or Beams

9.22.

Fireplaces

9.22.1.

General

9.22.1.1.

Clearance to the Fireplace Opening

9.22.1.2.

Masonry and Concrete

9.22.1.3.

Footings

9.22.1.4.

Combustion Air

9.22.2.

Fireplace Liners

9.22.2.1.

Brick or Steel Liners

9.22.2.2.

Firebrick Liners

9.22.2.3.

Steel Liners

9.22.3.

Fireplace Walls

9.22.3.1.

Thickness of Walls

9.22.4.

Fire Chamber

9.22.4.1.

Fire Chamber Dimensions

9.22.5.

Hearth

9.22.5.1.

Hearth Extension

9.22.5.2.

Support of Hearth

9.22.6.

Damper

9.22.6.1.

Required Damper and Size

9.22.7.

Smoke Chamber

9.22.7.1.

Slope of Smoke Chamber

9.22.7.2.

Wall Thickness

9.22.8.

Factory-Built Fireplaces

9.22.8.1.

Conformance to Standard

9.22.9.

Clearance of Combustible Material

9.22.9.1.

9.22.9.2.

Metal Exposed to the Interior

9.22.9.3.

Clearance to Combustible Framing

9.22.9.4.

Heat Circulating Duct Outlets

9.22.10.

Fireplace Inserts and Hearth-Mounted Stoves

9.22.10.1.

Appliance Standard

9.22.10.2.

Connections to Preservative-Treated Wood

9.23.

Wood Frame Construction

9.23.1.

Application

9.23.1.1.

Limitations

9.23.2.

General

9.23.2.1.

Strength and Rigidity

9.23.2.2.

Protection from Decay

9.23.2.3.

Protection from Dampness

9.23.2.4.

9.23.2.5.

Lumber

9.23.3.

Fasteners and Connectors

9.23.3.1.

Standards for Nails and Screws

9.23.3.2.

Length of Nails

9.23.3.3.

Prevention of Splitting

9.23.3.4.

Nailing of Framing

9.23.3.5.

Fastening for Sheathing or Subflooring

9.23.4.

Maximum Spans

9.23.4.1.

Spans for Joists, Rafters and Beams

9.23.4.2.

9.23.4.3.

Steel Beams

9.23.4.4.

Concrete Topping

9.23.4.5.

Heavy Roofing Materials

9.23.5.

Notching and Drilling

9.23.5.1.

Holes Drilled in Framing Members

9.23.5.2.

Notching of Framing Members

9.23.5.3.

Wall Studs

9.23.5.4.

Top Plates

9.23.5.5.

Roof Trusses

9.23.6.

Anchorage

9.23.6.1.

Anchorage of Building Frames

9.23.6.2.

Anchorage of Columns and Posts

9.23.6.3.

Anchorage of Smaller Buildings

9.23.7.

Sill Plates

9.23.7.1.

Size of Sill Plates

9.23.7.2.

Levelling and Sealing of Sill Plates

9.23.8.

Beams to Support Floors

9.23.8.1.

Bearing for Beams

9.23.8.2.

Priming of Steel Beams

9.23.8.3.

Built-up Wood Beams

9.23.9.

Floor Joists

9.23.9.1.

End Bearing for Joists

9.23.9.2.

Joists Supported by Beams

9.23.9.3.

Restraint of Joist Bottoms

9.23.9.4.

Strapping, Bridging, Furring and Ceilings in Span Tables 9.23.4.2.-A and

9.23.4.2.

-B

9.23.9.5.

Header Joists

9.23.9.6.

Trimmer Joists

9.23.9.7.

Support of Tail and Header Joists

9.23.9.8.

Support of Walls

9.23.9.9.

Cantilevered Floor Joists

9.23.10.

Wall Studs

9.23.10.1.

Stud Size and Spacing

9.23.10.2.

Bracing and Lateral Support

9.23.10.3.

Orientation of Studs

9.23.10.4.

Continuity of Studs

9.23.10.5.

Support for Cladding Materials

9.23.10.6.

Studs at Sides of Openings

9.23.10.7.

Stud Posts Built into Walls

9.23.11.

Wall Plates

9.23.11.1.

Size of Wall Plates

9.23.11.2.

Bottom Wall Plates

9.23.11.3.

Top Plates

9.23.11.4.

Joints in Top Plates

9.23.12.

Framing Over Openings

9.23.12.1.

Openings in Non-Loadbearing Walls

9.23.12.2.

Openings in Loadbearing Walls

9.23.12.3.

Lintel Spans and Sizes

9.23.13.

Bracing to Resist Lateral Loads Due to Wind and Earthquake

(See Note A-9.23.13.)

9.23.13.1.

Requirements for Low to Moderate Wind and Seismic Forces

9.23.13.2.

Requirements for High Wind and Seismic Forces

9.23.13.3.

Requirements for Extreme Wind and Seismic Forces

9.23.13.4.

Braced Wall Bands

9.23.13.5.

Braced Wall Panels in Braced Wall Bands

9.23.13.6.

Materials in Braced Wall Panels

9.23.13.7.

Additional System Considerations

9.23.14.

Roof and Ceiling Framing

9.23.14.1.

Continuity of Rafters and Joists

9.23.14.2.

Framing Around Openings

9.23.14.3.

End Bearing Length

9.23.14.4.

Location and Attachment of Rafters

9.23.14.5.

Shaping of Rafters

9.23.14.6.

Hip and Valley Rafters

9.23.14.7.

Intermediate Support for Rafters and Joists

9.23.14.8.

Ridge Support

9.23.14.9.

Restraint of Joist Bottoms

9.23.14.10.

Ceiling Joists Supporting Roof Load

9.23.14.11.

Roof Trusses

9.23.15.

Subflooring

9.23.15.1.

Subflooring Required

9.23.15.2.

9.23.15.3.

Direction of Installation

9.23.15.4.

9.23.15.5.

Subfloor Thickness or Rating

9.23.15.6.

Annular Grooved Nails

9.23.15.7.

Lumber Subflooring

9.23.16.

Roof Sheathing

9.23.16.1.

Required Roof Sheathing

9.23.16.2.

Direction of Installation

9.23.16.3.

9.23.16.4.

Joints in Panel-Type Sheathing

9.23.16.5.

Lumber Roof Sheathing

9.23.16.6.

Thickness, Rating and Material Standards

9.23.16.7.

Thickness or Rating

9.23.17.

Wall Sheathing

9.23.17.1.

Required Sheathing

9.23.17.2.

9.23.17.3.

Attachment of Cladding to Sheathing

9.23.17.4.

Lumber Sheathing

9.23.17.5.

Joints in Panel-Type Sheathing

9.23.17.6.

Mansard Style Roofs

9.24.

Sheet Steel Stud Wall Framing

9.24.1.

General

9.24.1.1.

9.24.1.2.

Cladding, Sheathing and Interior Finish Required

9.24.1.3.

Metal Thickness

9.24.1.4.

Screws

9.24.1.5.

9.24.2.

Size of Framing

9.24.2.1.

Size and Spacing of Studs in Interior Walls

9.24.2.2.

Thickness of Studs

9.24.2.3.

Runners

9.24.2.4.

Openings in Fire Separations

9.24.2.5.

Size and Spacing of Studs in Exterior Walls

9.24.3.

Installation

9.24.3.1.

Installation of Runners

9.24.3.2.

Fire-Rated Walls

9.24.3.3.

Orientation of Studs

9.24.3.4.

Support for Cladding Materials

9.24.3.5.

Framing Around Openings

9.24.3.6.

Attachment of Studs to Runners

9.24.3.7.

Openings for Fire Dampers

9.25.

Heat Transfer, Air Leakage and Condensation Control

9.25.1.

General

9.25.1.1.

Scope and Application

9.25.2.

Thermal Insulation

9.25.2.1.

Required Insulation

9.25.2.2.

Insulation Materials

9.25.2.3.

Installation of Thermal Insulation

9.25.2.4.

Installation of Loose-Fill Insulation

9.25.2.5.

Installation of Spray-Applied Polyurethane

9.25.3.

Air Barrier Systems

9.25.3.1.

Required Barrier to Air Leakage

9.25.3.2.

Air Barrier System Properties

9.25.3.3.

Continuity of the Air Barrier System

9.25.3.3A.

Vapour Barriers Used as Air Barriers

9.25.3.4.

9.25.3.5.

9.25.3.6.

Required Barrier to Vapour Diffusion

9.25.4.

Vapour Barriers

9.25.4.1.

9.25.4.2.

Vapour Barrier Materials

9.25.4.3.

Installation of Vapour Barriers

9.25.5.

Properties and Position of Materials in the Building Envelope

9.25.5.1.

Position of Low Permeance Materials

9.25.5.2.

9.26.

Roofing

9.26.1.

General

9.26.1.1.

Definitions

9.26.1.2.

Required Protection

9.26.1.3.

Alternate Installation Methods

9.26.1.4.

Solar Collector Systems

9.26.2.

Roofing Materials

9.26.2.1.

Installation of Materials

9.26.2.2.

9.26.2.3.

Required Flashing at Intersections

9.26.2.4.

Staples

9.26.3.

Slope of Roof Surfaces

9.26.3.1.

Slope

9.26.4.

Flashing at Intersections

9.26.4.1.

9.26.4.2.

Intersection of Shingle Roofs and Masonry

9.26.4.3.

Valley Flashing

9.26.4.4.

9.26.4.5.

Intersection of Shingle Roofs and Walls Other Than Masonry

9.26.4.6.

Intersection of Built-Up Roofs and Masonry

9.26.4.7.

Intersection of Built-Up Roofs and Walls Other Than Masonry

9.26.4.8.

Chimney Saddles

9.26.5.

Eave Protection for Shingles and Shakes

9.26.5.1.

Required Eave Protection

9.26.5.2.

9.26.6.

Underlay Beneath Shingles

9.26.6.1.

9.26.6.2.

9.26.7.

Asphalt Shingles on Slopes of 1 in 3 or Greater

9.26.7.1.

Coverage

9.26.7.2.

Starter Strip

9.26.7.3.

Head Lap

9.26.7.4.

Fasteners

9.26.7.5.

Securing of Tabs

9.26.7.6.

Hips and Ridges

9.26.7.7.

Eave Protection

9.26.7.8.

Securing of Shingle Courses

9.26.8.

Asphalt Shingles on Slopes of Less Than 1 in 3

9.26.8.1.

Coverage

9.26.8.2.

Starter Strip

9.26.8.3.

Securing of Tabs

9.26.8.4.

9.26.8.5.

Hips and Ridges

9.26.8.6.

9.26.8.7.

9.26.9.

Wood Roof Shingles

9.26.9.1.

Decking

9.26.9.2.

Grade

9.26.9.3.

Size

9.26.9.4.

Spacing and Joints

9.26.9.5.

9.26.9.6.

Exposure

9.26.9.7.

9.26.9.8.

Eave Protection

9.26.10.

Cedar Roof Shakes

9.26.10.1.

Size and Thickness

9.26.10.2.

Underlay

9.26.10.3.

Spacing and Joints

9.26.10.4.

9.26.10.5.

Exposure

9.26.10.6.

Coal-Tar and Asphalt Products

9.26.10.7.

Eave Protection

9.26.10.8.

Grade

9.26.11.

Built-Up Roofs

9.26.11.1.

Quantity of Materials

9.26.11.2.

9.26.11.3.

Roof Felts

9.26.11.4.

Aggregate Surfacing

9.26.11.5.

Roofing Over Wood-Based Sheathing

9.26.11.6.

Number of Layers

9.26.11.7.

Installation of Layers

9.26.11.8.

9.26.11.9.

Attachment to Decking

9.26.11.10.

Cant Strips

9.26.12.

Selvage Roofing

9.26.12.1.

Coverage

9.26.12.2.

Joints

9.26.13.

Sheet Metal Roofing

9.26.13.1.

9.26.13.2.

Support

9.26.14.

Glass Reinforced Polyester Roofing

9.26.14.1.

Support

9.26.15.

Hot Applied Rubberized Asphalt Roofing

9.26.15.1.

9.26.16.

Polyvinyl Chloride Sheet Roofing

9.26.16.1.

9.26.17.

Concrete Roof Tiles

9.26.17.1.

9.26.18.

Roof Drains and Downspouts

9.26.18.1.

Roof Drains

9.26.18.2.

Downspouts

9.27.

Cladding

9.27.1.

Application

9.27.1.1.

Minimizing and Preventing Ingress and Damage

9.27.2.

Required Protection from Precipitation

(See Note A-9.27.2.)

9.27.2.1.

9.27.2.2.

Minimum Protection from Precipitation Ingress

9.27.2.3.

First and Second Planes of Protection

9.27.2.4.

Protection of Cladding from Moisture

9.27.3.

Second Plane of Protection

9.27.3.1.

Elements of the Second Plane of Protection

9.27.3.2.

Sheathing Membrane Material Standard

9.27.3.3.

Required Sheathing Membrane and Installation

9.27.3.4.

Insulating Sheathing in Lieu of Sheathing Membrane

9.27.3.5.

Sheathing Membranes in Lieu of Sheathing

9.27.3.6.

Face Sealed Cladding

9.27.3.7.

Flashing Materials

9.27.3.8.

Flashing Installation

9.27.4.

Sealants

9.27.4.1.

Required Sealants

9.27.4.2.

Size and Spacing of Fasteners

9.27.5.

Attachment of Cladding

9.27.5.1.

Attachment

9.27.5.2.

Blocking

9.27.5.3.

Furring

9.27.5.4.

9.27.5.5.

Fastener Materials

9.27.5.6.

Expansion and Contraction

9.27.5.7.

Penetration of Fasteners

9.27.6.

Lumber Siding

9.27.6.1.

9.27.6.2.

Thickness and Width

9.27.6.3.

Joints

9.27.7.

Wood Shingles and Shakes

9.27.7.1.

9.27.7.2.

Width

9.27.7.3.

Fasteners

9.27.7.4.

Offsetting of Joints

9.27.7.5.

Fastening to Lath

9.27.7.6.

Exposure and Thickness

9.27.8.

Plywood

9.27.8.1.

9.27.8.2.

9.27.8.3.

Edge Treatment

9.27.8.4.

Panel Cladding

9.27.8.5.

Lapped Strip Siding

9.27.9.

Hardboard

9.27.9.1.

9.27.9.2.

9.27.9.3.

Panel Cladding

9.27.9.4.

Lapped Strip Siding

9.27.9.5.

Clearance

9.27.10.

OSB and Waferboard

9.27.10.1.

9.27.10.2.

9.27.10.3.

Panel Cladding

9.27.10.4.

Clearance

9.27.11.

Metal

9.27.11.1.

9.27.12.

Vinyl Siding, Insulated Vinyl Siding and Vinyl Soffits

9.27.12.1.

9.27.12.2.

Attachment

9.27.13.

Polypropylene Siding

9.27.13.1.

9.27.13.2.

Attachment

9.27.14.

Exterior Insulation Finish Systems

9.27.14.1.

9.27.14.2.

Clearance Over Ground Level

9.27.14.3.

Design and Installation

9.28.

Stucco

9.28.1.

General

9.28.1.1.

Sheathing Beneath Stucco

9.28.1.2.

Lath and Reinforcing

9.28.1.3.

Concrete Masonry Units

9.28.1.4.

9.28.1.5.

Flashing and Caulking

9.28.2.

Stucco Materials

9.28.2.1.

Portland Cement

9.28.2.2.

Aggregate

9.28.2.3.

Water

9.28.3.

Fasteners

9.28.3.1.

9.28.3.2.

Nails and Staples

9.28.4.

Stucco Lath

9.28.4.1.

Stucco Lath Specifications

9.28.4.2.

No Sheathing Required

9.28.4.3.

9.28.4.4.

Self-Furring Devices

9.28.4.5.

Application of Stucco Lath

9.28.4.6.

Low Temperature Conditions

9.28.5.

Stucco Mixes

9.28.5.1.

Mixes

9.28.5.2.

Pigments

9.28.5.3.

Mixing

9.28.6.

Stucco Application

9.28.6.1.

9.28.6.2.

Number of Coats and Total Thickness

9.28.6.3.

First Coat

9.28.6.4.

Second Coat

9.28.6.5.

Finish Coat

9.29.

Interior Wall and Ceiling Finishes

9.29.1.

General

9.29.1.1.

Fire Protection and Sound Control

9.29.2.

Waterproof Wall Finish

9.29.2.1.

Where Required

9.29.2.2.

Size and Spacing of Furring

9.29.3.

Wood Furring

9.29.3.1.

9.29.3.2.

9.29.4.

Plastering

9.29.4.1.

9.29.5.

Gypsum Board Finish (Taped Joints)

9.29.5.1.

9.29.5.2.

Maximum Spacing of Supports

9.29.5.3.

9.29.5.4.

Support of Insulation

9.29.5.5.

Length of Fasteners

9.29.5.6.

Low Temperature Conditions

9.29.5.7.

Screws

9.29.5.8.

Spacing of Nails

9.29.5.9.

Spacing of Screws

9.29.5.10.

9.29.6.

Plywood Finish

9.29.6.1.

9.29.6.2.

Grooved Plywood

9.29.6.3.

Nails and Staples

9.29.6.4.

9.29.7.

Hardboard Finish

9.29.7.1.

9.29.7.2.

9.29.7.3.

9.29.7.4.

9.29.8.

Insulating Fibreboard Finish

9.29.8.1.

9.29.8.2.

9.29.8.3.

9.29.8.4.

9.29.9.

Particleboard, OSB or Waferboard Finish

9.29.9.1.

9.29.9.2.

Minimum Thickness

9.29.9.3.

9.29.9.4.

Moisture Resistant Backing

9.29.10.

Wall Tile Finish

9.29.10.1.

Tile Application

9.29.10.2.

Mortar Base

9.29.10.3.

Adhesives

9.29.10.4.

9.29.10.5.

Joints Between Tiles and Bathtub

9.30.

Flooring

9.30.1.

General

9.30.1.1.

Required Finished Flooring

9.30.1.2.

Water Resistance

9.30.1.3.

Sleepers

9.30.1.4.

Finish Quality

9.30.2.

Panel-Type Underlay

9.30.2.1.

Required Underlay

9.30.2.2.

Materials and Thickness

9.30.2.3.

9.30.2.4.

Joints Offset

9.30.2.5.

Surface Defects

9.30.3.

Wood Strip Flooring

9.30.3.1.

Strip Direction and End Joints

9.30.3.2.

9.30.3.3.

Nailing

9.30.3.4.

Staples

9.30.4.

Parquet Flooring

9.30.4.1.

Adhesive

9.30.5.

Resilient Flooring

9.30.5.1.

9.30.6.

Ceramic Tile

9.30.6.1.

Substrate

9.31.

Plumbing Facilities

9.31.1.

Scope

9.31.1.1.

9.31.2.

General

9.31.2.1.

Equipment and Installation

9.31.2.2.

Corrosion Protection

9.31.2.3.

Grab Bars

9.31.3.

Water Supply and Distribution

9.31.3.1.

Required Water Supply

9.31.3.2.

Required Connections

9.31.4.

Required Facilities

9.31.4.1.

Required Fixtures

9.31.4.1A.

Laundry Fixtures

9.31.4.2.

Hot Water Supply

9.31.4.3.

Floor Drains

9.31.5.

Reserved

9.31.6.

Service Water Heating Facilities

9.31.6.1.

Hot Water Supply

9.31.6.1A.

Hot Water Temperature

9.31.6.2.

9.31.6.3.

Corrosion-Resistant Coating

9.31.6.4.

Fuel-Burning Heaters

9.31.6.5.

Heating Coils

9.32.

Ventilation

9.32.1.

General

9.32.1.1.

Venting of Laundry-Drying Equipment

9.32.1.2.

Required Ventilation

9.32.1.3.

9.32.2.

Non-Heating-Season Ventilation

9.32.2.1.

Required Ventilation

9.32.2.2.

Non-Heating-Season Natural Ventilation

9.32.2.3.

Non-Heating-Season Mechanical Ventilation

9.32.3.

Heating-Season Mechanical Ventilation

(See Note A-9.32.3.)

9.32.3.1.

Required Ventilation

9.32.3.2.

Design and Installation

9.32.3.3.

Principal Ventilation System

9.32.3.4.

Ventilation Systems Used in Conjunction with Forced Air Heating Systems

9.32.3.5.

Ventilation Systems Not Used in Conjunction with Forced Air Heating Systems

9.32.3.6.

Exhaust-Only Ventilation Systems

9.32.3.7.

Supplemental Exhaust

9.32.3.8.

Protection Against Depressurization

9.32.3.9.

Application of Carbon Monoxide Alarms

9.32.3.9A.

Location of Carbon Monoxide Alarms

9.32.3.9B.

Location of Carbon Monoxide Alarms in All Buildings

9.32.3.9C.

Installation and Conformance to Standards

9.32.3.10.

Fans

9.32.3.11.

Ducts

9.32.3.12.

Heat Recovery Ventilators

9.32.3.13.

Outdoor Intake and Exhaust Openings

9.33.

Heating and Air-Conditioning

9.33.1.

General

9.33.1.1.

Residential Heating Systems

9.33.2.

Required Heating Systems

9.33.2.1.

9.33.3.

Design Temperatures

9.33.3.1.

Indoor Design Temperatures

9.33.3.2.

Outdoor Design Temperatures

9.33.4.

General Requirements for Heating and Air-Conditioning Systems

9.33.4.1.

Design of Heating and Air-Conditioning Systems

9.33.4.2.

Installation of Hydronic Heating Systems

9.33.4.3.

Heating System Control

9.33.4.4.

Access

9.33.4.5.

Protection from Freezing

9.33.4.6.

Expansion, Contraction and System Pressure

9.33.4.7.

Structural Movement

9.33.4.8.

Asbestos

9.33.4.9.

Contaminant Transfer

9.33.5.

Heating and Air-Conditioning Appliances and Equipment

9.33.5.1.

Capacity of Heating Appliances

9.33.5.2.

Installation Standards

9.33.5.3.

Design, Construction and Installation Standard for Solid-Fuel-Burning Appliances

9.33.5.4.

Fireplaces

9.33.6.

Air Duct Systems

9.33.6.1.

Materials in Air Duct Systems

9.33.6.2.

9.33.6.3.

Tape

9.33.6.4.

Coverings, Linings and Insulation

9.33.6.5.

Galvanized Steel or Aluminum Supply Ducts

9.33.6.6.

Construction of Ducts and Plenums

9.33.6.7.

Installation of Ducts and Plenums

9.33.6.8.

Clearances of Ducts and Plenums

9.33.6.9.

Adjustable Dampers and Balance Stops

9.33.6.10.

Warm-Air Supply Outlets and Return Inlets — General

9.33.6.10A.

Supply, Return, Intake and Exhaust Openings

9.33.6.11.

Warm-Air Supply Outlets

9.33.6.12.

Return-Air Inlets

9.33.6.13.

Return-Air System

9.33.6.14.

Filters and Odour Removal Equipment

9.33.6.14A.

Exhaust Ducts and Outlets

9.33.7.

Radiators and Convectors

9.33.7.1.

Recessed Radiators and Convectors

9.33.7.2.

Surface Temperature

9.33.8.

Piping for Heating and Cooling Systems

9.33.8.1.

Piping Materials and Installation

9.33.8.2.

Insulation and Coverings

9.33.8.3.

Clearances

9.33.8.4.

Protection

9.33.9.

Refrigerating Systems and Equipment for Air-Conditioning

9.33.9.1.

Cooling Units

9.33.10.

Chimneys and Venting Equipment

9.33.10.1.

Requirement for Venting

9.33.10.2.

Factory-Built Chimneys

9.33.10.3.

Masonry or Concrete Chimneys

9.34.

Electrical Facilities

9.34.1.

General

9.34.1.1.

Location of Equipment in Public Areas

9.34.1.2.

Required Facilities

9.34.1.3.

9.34.1.4.

Recessed Lighting Fixtures

9.34.1.5.

Wiring and Cables

9.34.2.

Lighting Outlets

9.34.2.1.

Lighting of Entrances

9.34.2.2.

Outlets in Dwelling Units

9.34.2.3.

Stairways

9.34.2.4.

Basements

9.34.2.5.

Storage Rooms

9.34.2.6.

Garages and Carports

9.34.2.7.

Public and Service Areas

9.34.3.

Emergency Lighting

9.34.3.1.

Criteria for Emergency Lighting

9.35.

Garages and Carports

9.35.1.

Scope

9.35.1.1.

Construction Requirements

9.35.1.2.

9.35.2.

General

9.35.2.1.

Carport Considered to be Garage

9.35.2.2.

Garage Floor

9.35.3.

Foundations

9.35.3.1.

Foundation Required

9.35.3.2.

Protection from Damage Due to Soil Movement

9.35.3.3.

Drainage

9.35.3.4.

Column Piers

9.35.4.

Walls and Columns

9.35.4.1.

Interior Finish

9.35.4.2.

Columns

9.35.4.3.

Anchorage

9.36.

Reserved

9.37.

Cottages

9.37.1.

Scope

9.37.1.1.

Waterproofing and Dampproofing

9.37.2.

General

9.37.2.1.

Exclusions

9.37.2.2.

Foundations

9.37.2.3.

9.37.2.4.

Smoke Alarms

9.37.3.

Tourist Accommodation

9.37.3.1.

Buildings for Seasonal Tourist Accommodation or for Rent

9.38.

Log Construction

9.38.1.

General

9.38.1.1.

Material Requirements

9.38.1.2.

Requirement for Wood Preservative

9.38.1.3.

Exterior Joints

9.38.2.

Walls

9.38.2.1.

Logs

9.38.2.2.

Attachment of Logs

9.38.2.3.

Joining Logs

9.38.2.4.

Vertical Logs

9.38.2.5.

Plates

9.38.3.

Lintels

9.38.3.1.

Support Over Openings

9.38.3.2.

Clearance

9.39.

Park Model Trailers

9.39.1.

Scope

9.39.1.1.

9.39.2.

General

9.39.2.1.

Other Building Components

9.39.3.

Requirements

9.39.3.1.

9.39.3.2.

Spatial Separation

9.39.3.3.

Foundations and Anchorage

9.39.3.4.

Proximity to Above Ground Electrical Conductors

9.40.

Reinforced Concrete Slabs

(See Note A-9.40.)

9.40.1.

Scope

9.40.1.1.

9.40.1.2.

Concrete

9.40.1.3.

Reinforcing Steel

9.40.1.4.

Slab Construction

9.41.

Additional Requirements for Change of Use

9.41.1.

Scope

9.41.1.1.